Avdiivka- COKE PLANT

Avdiivka Coke and Chemical Plant (AKHZ) in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, is the largest (actually because of war is out of operation) coke producer in Ukraine and is owned by the company Metinvest,^[1] which is in turn owned by Rinat Akhmetov, a Ukrainian oligarch. AKHZ also produces a variety of chemicals including benzine, coal tar, coal oil ammonium sulphate and coke gas.^[2] The plant consists of 13 main and 30 auxiliary workshops as well as service structural divisions. In late 2023 it saw intense fighting during the fall Avdiivka offensive.

COKE USES (link wikipedia): 

Uses[edit]

Coke can be used as a fuel and as a reducing agent in smelting iron ore in a blast furnace.^[27] The carbon monoxide produced by combustion of coke reduces iron oxide (hematite) to produce iron:^[28]

.

Coke is commonly used as fuel for blacksmithing.

Coke was used in Australia in the 1960s and early 1970s for house heating,^{[citation needed]} and was incentivized for home use in the UK (so as to displace coal) after the 1956 Clean Air Act, which was passed in response to the Great Smog of London in 1952.

Since smoke-producing constituents are driven off during the coking of coal, coke forms a desirable fuel for stoves and furnaces in which conditions are not suitable for the complete burning of bituminous coal itself. Coke may be combusted producing little or no smoke, while bituminous coal would produce much smoke. Coke was widely used as a smokeless fuel substitute for coal in domestic heating following the creation of "smokeless zones" in the United Kingdom.

Highland Park distillery in Orkney roasts malted barley for use in their Scotch whisky in kilns burning a mixture of coke and peat.^[29]

Coke may be used to make synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

• Syngas; water gas: a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, made by passing steam over red-hot coke (or any carbon-based char). Hydrocarbonate (gas) is identical, although it emerged in the late eighteenth century as an inhalation therapeutic developed by Thomas Beddoes and James Watt categorized under factitious airs
• Producer gas; wood gas; generator gas; synthetic gas: a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen, made by passing air over red-hot coke (or any carbon-based char)
• Coke oven gas generated from coke ovens is similar to Syngas with 60% hydrogen by volume.^[30] The hydrogen can be extracted from the coke oven gas economically for various uses (including steel production).^[31]

Phenolic byproducts[edit]

Wastewater from coking is highly toxic and carcinogenic. It contains phenolic, aromatic, heterocyclic, and polycyclic organics, and inorganics including cyanides, sulfides, ammonium and ammonia.^[32] Various methods for its treatment have been studied in recent years.^[33][34][35] The white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium can remove up to 80% of phenols from coking waste water.^[36]

COKE  PRODUCTION PROCESS  : check document process diagram

HEALTH INFO:  NIH (natioanl library of medecine)

wikipedia-info

Link to the site ubication (Googlemaps)

Fecha: 8/12/2023

Modificado: 16/12/2023